{"id":2129,"date":"2020-09-04T13:25:38","date_gmt":"2020-09-04T11:25:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newslab.sk\/giardioza-deti\/"},"modified":"2020-09-04T13:43:27","modified_gmt":"2020-09-04T11:43:27","slug":"giardiasis-of-children","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newslab.sk\/en\/giardiasis-of-children\/","title":{"rendered":"Giardiasis of children"},"content":{"rendered":"

*<\/strong>All tables, charts, graphs and pictures that are featured in this article can be found in the .pdf attachment at the end of the paper.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00davod<\/strong><\/p>\n

Giardia duodenalis (syn.Giardia intestinalis, Giardia lamblia) je jednobunkov\u00fd parazit infikuj\u00faci gastrointestin\u00e1lny trakt mnoh\u00fdch cicavcov vr\u00e1tane \u013eud\u00ed(1). V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti WHO hl\u00e1si
\n2,8 mili\u00f3na symptomatick\u00fdch pr\u00edpadov ro\u010dne, a to predov\u0161etk\u00fdm u \u013eud\u00ed \u017eij\u00facich v chudobn\u00fdch oblastiach s n\u00edzkym hygienick\u00fdm \u0161tandardom(2). G. duodenalis je rozdelen\u00e1 do \u00f4smich
\ngeneticky rozdielnych asembl\u00e1\u017e\u00ed (genotypov) A \u2013 H, pri\u010dom A a B maj\u00fa najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed zoonotick\u00fd potenci\u00e1l a m\u00f4\u017eu infikova\u0165 \u0161irok\u00fa \u0161k\u00e1lu hostite\u013eov napr. \u013eud\u00ed, prim\u00e1ty, dom\u00e1ce hospod\u00e1rske
\nzvierat\u00e1, vo\u013ene \u017eij\u00face zvierat\u00e1 a pod. Asembl\u00e1\u017ee C a D boli identifikovan\u00e9 u psov a psovit\u00fdch \u0161eliem, E u dom\u00e1cich cicavcov, F u ma\u010diek, G u hlodavcov a H u morsk\u00fdch cicavcov.
\nU mlad\u00fdch a imunodeficientn\u00fdch jedincov sa giardi\u00f3za manifestuje v podobe prof\u00faznej hna\u010dky, dehydrat\u00e1cie, malabsorpcie, spomalen\u00fdm rastom alebo kognit\u00edvnymi poruchami
\npri chronick\u00fdch infekci\u00e1ch(1). Preto by sa skr\u00edningov\u00e9 programy na identifik\u00e1ciu c\u00fdst G. duodenalis mali sta\u0165 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou rutinnej diagnostiky nielen u det\u00ed, ale aj u dospel\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Materi\u00e1l
\n<\/strong>
\nVzorky stol\u00edc (246) boli odoberan\u00e9 od janu\u00e1ra 2018 do decembra 2019 od det\u00ed z majoritnej a minoritnej popul\u00e1cie z Univerzitnej nemocnice v Ko\u0161iciach a zo Zdravotn\u00e9ho strediska v Medzeve (Ko\u0161ick\u00fd kraj). V\u0161etky vzorky f\u00e9ces boli vy\u0161etrovan\u00e9 z\u00e1kladnou flota\u010dnou met\u00f3dou pod\u013ea Koz\u00e1ka-Magrovej a Fausta a mikroskopicky pozit\u00edvne vzorky sme pou\u017eili na extrakciu DNA. N\u00e1sledn\u00e1 molekul\u00e1rna identifik\u00e1cia bola zalo\u017een\u00e1 na multilokusovom sekvenovan\u00ed g\u00e9novtpi, bg a gdh(2).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky<\/strong><\/p>\n

Flota\u010dnou met\u00f3dou pod\u013ea Fausta sme detegovali cysty G. duodenalis v 4,87 % (12\/246) vy\u0161etren\u00fdch det\u00ed. PCR met\u00f3dou boli identifikovan\u00e9 zoonotick\u00e9 asembl\u00e1\u017ee A (5\/12) a B (7\/12). U det\u00ed z Univerzitnej nemocnice bola identifikovan\u00e1 asembl\u00e1\u017e A v jednom a asembl\u00e1\u017e B v \u0161tyroch izol\u00e1toch (A\/1, B\/4), v Zdravotnom stredisku v meste Medzev bola zisten\u00e1 asembl\u00e1\u017e A v \u0161tyroch izol\u00e1toch, B v troch izol\u00e1toch (A\/4, B\/3).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Diskusia
\n<\/strong>
\nPrevalencia \u013eudskej giardi\u00f3zy sa pohybuje od 2 do 5 % v rozvinut\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch a od 20 do 30 % v rozvojov\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch (2). Na Slovensku predstavuje giardi\u00f3za nedostato\u010dne rie\u0161en\u00fd probl\u00e9m verejn\u00e9ho zdravia. Prevalencia G. duodenalis na na\u0161om \u00fazem\u00ed bola zaznamenan\u00e1 v rozmedz\u00ed od 10 do 70 % v r\u00f4znych regi\u00f3noch a socioekonomick\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch. V \u0161t\u00fadii, ktor\u00fa vykonala \u0160trkolcov\u00e1 et al. (2016) mikroskopick\u00fdm vy\u0161etren\u00edm potvrdili 63,3 % prevalenciu u det\u00ed z detsk\u00e9ho domova v Medzeve a nesk\u00f4r Pipikov\u00e1 et al. (2018) detegovali cysty giardi\u00ed u 6,3 % det\u00ed z r\u00f3mskej osady na v\u00fdchode Slovenska. Okrem toho na na\u0161om \u00fazem\u00ed boli u \u013eud\u00ed potvrden\u00e9 PCR met\u00f3dou assembl\u00e1\u017ee A, B, C a F(3,4). Z toho vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee najviac ohrozenou skupinou s\u00fa najm\u00e4 deti v pred\u0161kolskom a \u0161kolskom veku \u017eij\u00face v zanedban\u00fdch oblastiach s nedostato\u010dnou hygienou, kvalitou vody a bez vybudovan\u00e9ho kanaliza\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, ale aj deti \u017eij\u00face v detsk\u00fdch domovoch(1).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Z\u00e1ver<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010crevn\u00e9 parazit\u00e1rne infekcie s\u00fa z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom verejn\u00e9ho zdravia v rozvojov\u00fdch, ale aj rozvinut\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch najm\u00e4 u det\u00ed r\u00f4znej vekovej kateg\u00f3rie. Z toho d\u00f4vodu by malo by\u0165 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou eduka\u010dn\u00e9ho programu v pred\u0161kolsk\u00fdch a \u0161kolsk\u00fdch zariadeniach \u0161\u00edrenie osvety medzi rodi\u010dmi o mo\u017en\u00fdch rizik\u00e1ch infekcie sp\u00f4soben\u00fdch \u010drevn\u00fdmi parazitmi a cest\u00e1ch ich \u0161\u00edrenia a z\u00e1rove\u0148 je nevyhnutn\u00e9 zlep\u0161i\u0165 \u00farove\u0148 osobnej hygieny det\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Po\u010fakovanie:<\/strong> T\u00e1to publik\u00e1cia vznikla v\u010faka podpore vedeckej grantovej agent\u00fary VEGA \u010d. 1\/0536\/18.<\/p>\n

Konflikt z\u00e1ujmov:<\/strong> Autori vyhlasuj\u00fa, \u017ee nemaj\u00fa \u017eiadny konflikt z\u00e1ujmov.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Literat\u00fara
\n<\/strong>
\n1. Squire SA, Ryan U. Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Africa: current and future challenges. Parasites and Vectors 2017; 195: 2-32.
\n2. Cacci\u00f2 SM, Beck R, Lalle M, et al. Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalisreveals striking differences between assemblages A and B. International Journal for Parasitology 2008; 38: 1523-1531.
\n3. \u0160trkolcov\u00e1 G, Goldov\u00e1 M, Ma\u010far M, et al. Giardia duodenalis and Giardia enterica in children: first evidence of assemblages A and B in Eastern Slovakia. Parasitology Research 2016; 115: 1939-1944.
\n4. Pipikov\u00e1 J, Papajov\u00e1 I, Majl\u00e1thov\u00e1 V, et al. First report on Giardia duodenalis assemblage F in Slovakian children living in poor environmental conditions. Journal of Microbiology, Imunology and Infection 2018; 53: 148-156.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

*All tables, charts, graphs and pictures that are featured in this article can be found in the .pdf attachment at the end of the paper.   \u00davod Giardia duodenalis (syn.Giardia intestinalis, Giardia lamblia) je jednobunkov\u00fd parazit infikuj\u00faci gastrointestin\u00e1lny trakt mnoh\u00fdch cicavcov vr\u00e1tane \u013eud\u00ed(1). V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti WHO hl\u00e1si 2,8 mili\u00f3na symptomatick\u00fdch pr\u00edpadov ro\u010dne, a to predov\u0161etk\u00fdm<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1596],"tags":[1611,1609,1610],"class_list":["post-2129","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-parazitologia-en","tag-children","tag-giardiasis","tag-intestinal-parasites","typ_clanku-original-work"],"acf":{"abstrakt":"

Giardia duodenalis is one of the most common intestinal parasites of animals and humans worldwide. In our study, we report the incidence of G. duodenalis in children from the majority and minority populations of various age categories. We collected 168 stools from the L. Pasteur University Hospital in Ko\u0161ice and 78 stools from the Medical Center in Medzev, total 246. We examined the faecal samples to prove the propagative stages of parasites by the flotation method according to Koz\u00e1k-Magrov\u00e1 and Faust at the Institute of Parasitology UVLF in Ko\u0161ice. Microscopically positive samples of Giardia cysts (12\/246) were used for genotyping the Giardia assemblages using tpi, bg and gdh genes. Zoonotic assemblages A (5\/12) and B (7\/12) were identified.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/strong> giardiasis, intestinal parasites, children<\/p>\n","casopis":[{"ID":2132,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2020-09-04 08:09:57","post_date_gmt":"2020-09-04 06:09:57","post_content":"SUPPLEMENT\r\n\r\nPri pr\u00edle\u017eitosti odbornej konferencie\r\n\r\nI. Aktu\u00e1lne probl\u00e9my hum\u00e1nnej parazitol\u00f3gie<\/strong>\r\n