{"id":2140,"date":"2020-09-04T14:00:49","date_gmt":"2020-09-04T12:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newslab.sk\/monitoring-crevnych-parazitoz-u-deti-zo-segregovanej-osady-a-ich-diagnostika\/"},"modified":"2020-09-04T14:06:35","modified_gmt":"2020-09-04T12:06:35","slug":"monitoring-and-diagnostics-of-intestinal-parasitoses-in-children-from-a-segregated-settlement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newslab.sk\/en\/monitoring-and-diagnostics-of-intestinal-parasitoses-in-children-from-a-segregated-settlement\/","title":{"rendered":"Monitoring and diagnostics of intestinal parasitoses in children from a segregated settlement"},"content":{"rendered":"

*<\/strong>All tables, charts, graphs and pictures that are featured in this article can be found in the .pdf attachment at the end of the paper.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00davod<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010crevn\u00e9 parazit\u00e1rne infekcie m\u00f4\u017eeme rozdeli\u0165 na protozo\u00e1rne infekcie a helmint\u00f3zy. Medzi v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 druhy \u010drevn\u00fdch parazitov postihuj\u00face \u013eud\u00ed glob\u00e1lne patria Ascaris lumbricoides,
\nTrichuris trichiura, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, Strongyloides stercoralis. Ve\u013ek\u00fa skupinu tvoria aj helminty zvierat s mo\u017en\u00fdm prenosom na \u010dloveka, kde patria
\nToxocara spp., Baylisascaris spp., \u010dela\u010f Ancylostomatidae, Strongyloides spp., Trichuris spp. a \u010fal\u0161ie. Najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161ie protozo\u00e1rne \u010drevn\u00e9 zoonotick\u00e9 oport\u00fanne patog\u00e9ny \u013eud\u00ed s\u00fa Giardia duodenalis a Cryptosporidium spp.(1). V marginalizovan\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch obyvate\u013estva (r\u00f3mske segregovan\u00e9 osady) je vysok\u00e1 prevalencia parazitov, najm\u00e4 z d\u00f4vodu vhodn\u00fdch podmienok na \u0161\u00edrenie t\u00fdchto parazitov.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Materi\u00e1l<\/strong><\/p>\n

R\u00f3movia v Medzeve, \u017eij\u00fa v segregovanej osade, kde je osobn\u00e1 a komun\u00e1lna hygiena na n\u00edzkej \u00farovni. Zaradili sme tu 434 vzoriek stol\u00edc det\u00ed rozdelen\u00fdch pod\u013ea veku na 5 skup\u00edn (deti do veku 1 roka, skupina 1 \u2013 5-ro\u010dn\u00fdch, 6 \u2013 9-ro\u010dn\u00fdch, 10 \u2013 14-ro\u010dn\u00fdch, 15 \u2013 18-ro\u010dn\u00fdch). V\u0161etky deti s\u00fa evidovan\u00e9 u pediatri\u010dky v Zdravotnom centre v Medzeve. Vzorky stolice boli vy\u0161etren\u00e9 na \u00dastave parazitol\u00f3gie UVLF v Ko\u0161iciach.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Metodika<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u0161etky vzorky stol\u00edc det\u00ed sme vy\u0161etrili flota\u010dn\u00fdmi met\u00f3dami (s pou\u017eit\u00edm Koz\u00e1k Magrovej a Faustovho roztoku) na d\u00f4kaz c\u00fdst, ooc\u00fdst protozo\u00ed a vaj\u00ed\u010dok helmintov. Mikroskopicky
\npozit\u00edvne vzorky boli pou\u017eit\u00e9 pre genotypiz\u00e1ciu asembl\u00e1\u017ei G. duodenalis. N\u00e1sledn\u00e1 molekul\u00e1rna identifik\u00e1cia bola zalo\u017een\u00e1 na multilokusovom sekvenovan\u00ed g\u00e9nov tpi, bg a gdh(2). Na diagnostiku ooc\u00fdst kryptospor\u00eddi\u00ed sme pou\u017eili farbiacu met\u00f3du pod\u013ea Kinyouna alebo pod\u013ea Ziehla a Neelsena; na d\u00f4kaz kryptospor\u00eddiov\u00e9ho antig\u00e9nu bol pou\u017eit\u00fd ELISA test. Na diagnostiku mrl\u00ed Enterobius vermicularis bol pou\u017eit\u00fd perian\u00e1lny zlep. Kultiva\u010dnou met\u00f3dou na Koga agarov\u00fdch platniach (KAP) m\u00f4\u017eeme koncentrova\u0165 rabditiformn\u00e9 a filariformn\u00e9 larvy Strongyloides stercoralis. Na d\u00f4kaz \u0161pecifick\u00fdch IgG protil\u00e1tok proti Strongyloides stercoralis v s\u00e9re det\u00ed sme pou\u017eili komer\u010dn\u00fd test Strongyloides IgG ELISA.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky<\/strong><\/p>\n

U det\u00ed zo segregovanej r\u00f3mskej osady sme potvrdili \u0161irok\u00fa \u0161k\u00e1lu helmintov; detegovali sme vaj\u00ed\u010dka A. lumbricoides v 50,9 % vzoriek (221+\/434), T. trichiura v 16,6 % vzoriek (72+\/434), E. vermicularis v 10,5 % (17+\/162), Taenia spp. v 0,2 % (1+\/434), Hymenolepis nana v 0,5 % vzoriek (2+\/434). Z protozo\u00ed sme potvrdili cysty Giardia duodenalis v 13,4 % (58+\/434) a kryptospor\u00eddiov\u00fd antig\u00e9n v stoliciach det\u00ed v 4,4 % vzoriek (19+\/434). Vy\u0161etren\u00e9 vzorky s\u00e9r det\u00ed potvrdili kvalitat\u00edvnyd\u00f4kaz \u0161pecifick\u00fdch IgG protil\u00e1tok proti Strongyloides stercoralis(3). Vzorky stol\u00edc boli KAP met\u00f3dou negat\u00edvne na pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 lariev S. stercoralis. Pomocou nested PCR sme u det\u00ed potvrdili asembl\u00e1\u017ee A, B Giardia duodenalis(4).V\u0161eobecne najvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010det pozit\u00edvnych vzoriek bolo v skupine 6 \u2013 9-ro\u010dn\u00fdch det\u00ed. Ve\u013emi \u010dasto sa vyskytovali zmie\u0161an\u00e9 infekcie.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Diskusia a z\u00e1ver<\/strong><\/p>\n

Izolovan\u00e9 komunity predstavuj\u00fa najohrozenej\u0161ou skupinu obyvate\u013estva, kde infekcia sa men\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti od socioekonomick\u00e9ho statusu, z\u00e1sobovania vodou, pr\u00edtomnosti kanaliz\u00e1cie a hygienick\u00fdch n\u00e1vykoch \u013eud\u00ed \u017eij\u00facich v t\u00fdchto segregovan\u00fdch komunit\u00e1ch, ako aj o ich ochote spolupracova\u0165 s pediatrami, so soci\u00e1lnymi pracovn\u00edkmi a u\u010dite\u013emi. Parazit\u00f3zy m\u00f4\u017eu ovplyvni\u0165 ment\u00e1lny a fyzick\u00fd rast die\u0165a\u0165a (malnutr\u00edcie, an\u00e9mie, strata hmotnosti, hna\u010dky\u2026). Okrem toho v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti neexistuj\u00fa \u017eiadne rutinn\u00e9 kontroly t\u00fdchto parazitov u det\u00ed. Pr\u00e1cou sme chceli pouk\u00e1za\u0165 na met\u00f3dy, ktor\u00e9 by mohli by\u0165 zaraden\u00e9 do rutinn\u00fdch vy\u0161etren\u00ed f\u00e9ces \u013eud\u00ed v laborat\u00f3ri\u00e1ch, \u010d\u00edm by sa skvalitnila diagnostika parazit\u00f3z.<\/p>\n

Po\u010fakovanie:<\/strong> T\u00e1to publik\u00e1cia vznikla v\u010faka podpore vedeckej grantovej agent\u00fary VEGA \u010d. 1\/0536\/18.
\nKonflikt z\u00e1ujmov:<\/strong> Autori vyhlasuj\u00fa, \u017ee nemaj\u00fa \u017eiadny konflikt z\u00e1ujmov.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

LITERAT\u00daRA<\/strong>
\n1. Xiao L. Molecular epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis: an update. Experimental Parasitology 2010; 124: 80-89.
\n2. Cacci\u00f2 SM, Beck R, Lalle M, et al. Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis reveals striking differences between assemblages A and B. International Journal for Parasitology 2008; 38: 1523 1531.
\n3. \u0160trkolcov\u00e1 G, Goldov\u00e1 M, Gajdo\u0161ov\u00e1 K. V\u00fdskyt Strongyloides stercoralis u det\u00ed na v\u00fdchodnom Slovensku. Pediatria (Bratisl.) 2017; 12(5): 225\u2011229.
\n4. \u0160trkolcov\u00e1 G, Goldov\u00e1 M, Ma\u010far M, et al. Giardia duodenalis and Giardia enterica in children: first evidence of assemblages A and B in Eastern Slovakia. Parasitology Research 2016; 115: 1939-1944.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

*All tables, charts, graphs and pictures that are featured in this article can be found in the .pdf attachment at the end of the paper.   \u00davod \u010crevn\u00e9 parazit\u00e1rne infekcie m\u00f4\u017eeme rozdeli\u0165 na protozo\u00e1rne infekcie a helmint\u00f3zy. Medzi v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 druhy \u010drevn\u00fdch parazitov postihuj\u00face \u013eud\u00ed glob\u00e1lne patria Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, Strongyloides<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1596],"tags":[1611,1607,1622,1618,1624,1619,1623,1620,1621],"class_list":["post-2140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-parazitologia-en","tag-children","tag-deti-en","tag-endoparasites","tag-endoparazity-en","tag-helminths","tag-helminty-en","tag-methods","tag-metody-en","tag-protozoa-en","typ_clanku-original-work"],"acf":{"abstrakt":"

In the years 2013 \u2013 2019, we monitored intestinal parasites in children in a segregated Roma settlement in the town of Medzev. We examined 434 faecal samples collected from children categorised by age. The highest number of positive samples was observed in the group of children aged 6 \u2013 9 years. The samples were rendered to the paediatric outpatient clinic in Medzev during the preventive medical examination or upon the request of a paediatrician suspecting a parasitary infection. The present article summarises the information on the methods applied at our Institute to examine the samples, such as basic coprological diagnostic methods, as well as special methods \u2013 ELISA and Nested PCR, aimed at proving the presence of antibodies, antigens, genotypes or species of individual parasites.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/strong> endoparasites, children, methods, protozoa, helminths<\/p>\n","casopis":[{"ID":2132,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2020-09-04 08:09:57","post_date_gmt":"2020-09-04 06:09:57","post_content":"SUPPLEMENT\r\n\r\nPri pr\u00edle\u017eitosti odbornej konferencie\r\n\r\nI. Aktu\u00e1lne probl\u00e9my hum\u00e1nnej parazitol\u00f3gie<\/strong>\r\n